Multi-M linear contracts use the USD value of the available collateral currencies adjusted using value haircuts. Haircuts and conversion fees apply to non-USD collateral, see:
For the Multi-M margin account all positions and collateral are dollarised and haircuts are applied to non-USD collateral. Due to the application of haircuts, the Collateral Value differs from the Balance Value when holding non-USD currencies.
The Margin Equity is the Balance Value multiplied by the dollar rate and with haircuts applied to non-USD currencies, plus unrealised profit or loss as Margin. The formula is displayed below:
Margin Equity = [Balance Value in USD * (1-Haircut)] + (Total Unrealised Profit/Loss as Margin in USD)
See glossary for more details.
Margin netting only applies when trading perpetual and fixed maturities with the same underlying. Margin netting only occurs between cross margined long and short positions in the same wallet, meaning that if one or both of the legs are using isolated margin it will not apply.
For instance, there is margin netting between a cross margined long BTC/USD Perp position and a cross margined short BTC/USD fixed maturity position.
The Total Margin Requirement will then be calculated as:
Total Margin Requirement = Max(Margin Long Positions, Margin Short Positions)
This means that the margin requirement of only long or short positions is counted, whichever is greater. This applies to all margin parameters (i.e. Initial Margin and Maintenance Margin).
Margin netting allows traders to efficiently exploit price differences across maturities. For instance, if you think that the price of Derivatives A is too high compared to Derivatives B, you could open a short position in A and a long position in B. This will turn a profit if the difference decreases. Margin netting ensures that margin requirements for this position are not excessive.
When trading Multi-M (MC) Derivatives on Kraken traders have the option to choose between isolated and cross margin on a contract level.
See "Setting Leverage" in Trading Multi-M Derivatives to learn about how to configure Cross or Isolated margin.
Isolated margin allows a trader to be in full control on how much leverage they are taking on a position and how much funds they want to have at risk at any given time. The Isolated Margin indicates the Initial Margin the system sets aside for the position opened for the specific contract, which is the Margin allocated to a position and the only funds at risk.
Initial Margin set aside for an Isolated position is excluded from Cross Risk margin calculations so Cross Liquidations do not impact Isolated Margin set aside, unless there is an account-wide liquidation then the isolated position will also get liquidated.
Note: Funding rate payments in isolated positions are deducted from the general wallet balance rather than being included in the PnL which can cause liquidation in isolation.
Cross margin allows a trader to use all the funds available in the margin wallet to collateralise their positions excluding any potential margin set aside on an isolated position. The leverage level for the positions is determined by their size in relation to the collateral value, known as Effective Leverage.
Margin preferences apply per contract and can only be changed before opening a position. Once a position is open its margin preferences cannot be changed. To make changes to the margin preferences, the open position in that contract must first be closed.
The system allows opening of both isolated and cross positions concurrently but not on the same contract. For example, you can open an isolated position on BTC/USD and a cross position on ETH/USD, but it is not possible to open both an isolated and cross position on BTC/USD.
Note that unrealised profits on Isolated positions cannot be used to margin cross positions and vice versa.
When Margin Equity is not sufficient to cover the Maintenance Margin required to keep the positions open, some or all of your open positions may be liquidated.
With positions in the Multi-M (MC) wallet, there are three scenarios where a liquidation may occur:
An isolated position’s equity (USD equivalent isolated initial margin + unrealised profit/loss) falls below the required USD equivalent maintenance margin for the isolated position. The Maintenance Margin of an Isolated position is calculated using the relevant Margin Schedules.
(USD equivalent Isolated Initial Margin + Isolated Unrealised Profit/Loss) < USD equivalent Isolated Maintenance Margin
Collateral Value = $100,000
Bitcoin (BTC) Isolated position leverage = 10x
Long 5 BTCUSD @ 40,000
Position value = $200,000
System set aside Initial Margin = $20,000 ($200,000 /10)
Maintenance Margin = $2,000 ($200,000*1%) using the Margin Schedule
Isolated Position will be liquidated when losing $18,000
Maximum the client can lose is the $20,000 the client has put aside
BTCUSD Mark Price moves to $36,350
Unrealised PnL = 5*(36,350-40,000) = -$18,250
Isolated Initial Margin + Isolated Unrealised PnL = $20,000 - $18,250 = $1,750
This is now less than the Maintenance Margin required to keep the Isolated Position open ($2,000) → Isolated position gets liquidated.
Margin Equity excluding isolated margin falls below the required maintenance margin for cross-margin positions.
Cross Margin Equity (excluding USD equivalent Isolated IM) < Cross USD equivalent Maintenance Margin for all positions
Assume Initial Margin requirement 4%, Maintenance Margin requirement 2%
Collateral Value = $60,000
Solana (SOL) Isolated position leverage = 10x
Long 500 SOLUSD @ 90
Position value = $45,000
System set aside Initial Margin = $4,500 ($45,000 /10)
Maintenance Margin = $450 ($45,000*1%) using the Margin Schedule
Isolated Position will be liquidated when losing over $4,050
Maximum the client can lose is the $4,500 the client has put aside
Bitcoin (BTC) Cross Position Long 5 BTCUSD @ $40,000
Position Value = $200,000
Initial Margin = $8,000
Maintenance Margin = $4,000
Ethereum (ETH) Cross Position Long 100 ETHUSD @ $3,000
Position Value = $300,000
Initial Margin = $12,000
Maintenance Margin = $6,000
The Margin Equity of the entire MC wallet falls below the required maintenance margin for all positions.
Account Margin Equity < Maintenance Margin for all positions (Isolated and Cross)
Cross margin positions in the Multi-M wallet will use all balances in that wallet as collateral with the exception of initial margin withheld for isolated positions. It is possible for isolated positions to remain open following a cross margin liquidation, however all collateral assets in the Multi-M wallet are at risk of loss in the event of account wide liquidation.
It’s important to note that Collateral Value and Initial Margin are calculated using the USD value (adjusted using the relevant haircuts) of the assets held. This means if the USD value of your collateral falls below the required maintenance margin for your positions, both cross and isolated positions can be liquidated.
Account Balance = 1.25 BTC (50,000 USD equivalent)
ETH 10x Isolated Position 100 ETH @ $3000
System set aside Initial Margin = $30,000 (100*3000/10)
Maintenance Margin = (100 * $3,000 * 1%) = $3,000
SOL Cross Position 10,000 SOL @ 95
Initial Margin = 10,000 * 95 * 2% = $19,000
Maintenance Margin = 10,000 * 95 * 1% = $9,500
If Index Price BTC = $10,000 → Collateral Value = $12,500
Account Margin Equity 12,500) < Maintenance Margin for all positions (3,000 + 9,500)→ Account wide liquidation
For more information on liquidations, see Liquidation FAQ.For information on Single-Collateral liquidations, see Margining & Liquidations - Coin-M.