WebSocket API v1 kami bertujuan untuk menyediakan sumber data pasaran yang berterusan (ticker, buku pesanan, masa dan jualan, dsb.), tetapi kadang-kadang sambungan WebSocket ditamatkan secara tidak dijangka oleh Cloudflare.
Pemutusan sambungan yang dimulakan oleh Cloudflare biasanya mengakibatkan ralat rangkaian, seperti ralat 1006 berikut:
Error reading from websocket: close 1006 (abnormal closure): unexpected EOF
atau yang berikut di mana Python membuang pengecualian apabila cuba membaca mesej data pasaran baharu daripada sambungan yang sudah ditutup:
websocket._exceptions.WebSocketConnectionClosedException: socket is already closed
Walaupun tiada penyelesaian yang menghalang jenis pemutusan sambungan yang tidak dijangka ini, terdapat beberapa penyelesaian yang sangat berkesan. Sekiranya anda mengalami pemutusan sambungan WebSocket yang kerap, kami mengesyorkan untuk melaksanakan satu atau lebih daripada yang berikut:
Langkah berjaga-jaga keselamatan Cloudflare sering digunakan untuk alamat IP tertentu, kumpulan alamat IP yang serupa (seperti blok kelas C) atau lokasi geografi tertentu, oleh itu menukar alamat IP anda kadang-kadang merupakan penyelesaian yang mudah tetapi berkesan.
Sebagai contoh, mengehos perisian API anda di rantau AWS yang berbeza atau menggunakan VPN di lokasi geografi yang berbeza, kedua-duanya akan mengubah alamat IP tempatan dengan ketara dan berpotensi menyelesaikan isu pemutusan sambungan yang tidak dijangka.
Menggunakan satu sambungan WebSocket yang dipantau untuk sebarang pemutusan sambungan yang tidak disengajakan dan disambung semula serta dilanggan semula mengikut keperluan adalah satu lagi penyelesaian yang mudah tetapi berkesan. Berikut ialah contoh kod Python asas yang menunjukkan cara menyambung semula dan melanggan semula sambungan WebSocket apabila pengecualian WebSocketConnectionClosed dibuang:
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import sys from websocket import create_connection ws = create_connection('wss://ws.kraken.com/') print(ws.recv()) ws.send('{"event":"subscribe", "subscription":{"name":"ticker"}, "pair":["XBT/USD"]}') print(ws.recv()) for count in range(100): if count == 30 or count == 60: ws.close() try: print(ws.recv()) except: ws = create_connection('wss://ws.kraken.com/') print(ws.recv()) ws.send('{"event":"subscribe", "subscription":{"name":"ticker"}, "pair":["XBT/USD"]}') print(ws.recv()) ws.close() sys.exit(0)
Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam contoh output berikut, sambungan dan langganan WebSocket diperbaharui setiap kali sambungan ditamatkan secara tidak dijangka (pada 30 dan 60 lelaran gelung):
{"connectionID":8986307948074364287,"event":"systemStatus","status":"online","version":"1.0.1"} {"channelID":274,"channelName":"ticker","event":"subscriptionStatus","pair":"XBT/USD","status":"subscribed","subscription":{"name":"ticker"}} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",16,"16.15314657"],"b":["9765.90000",16,"16.06793017"],"c":["9766.00000","0.15407543"],"v":["934.89117067","6431.35804307"],"p":["9793.82728","9736.03263"],"t":[3442,18738],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.80000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] {"event":"heartbeat"} ... [274,{"a":["9766.00000",15,"15.80052495"],"b":["9765.90000",15,"15.09399036"],"c":["9766.00000","0.18958527"],"v":["935.24379229","6430.73154248"],"p":["9793.81679","9736.04572"],"t":[3444,18738],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] [274,{"a":["9766.00000",15,"15.59644495"],"b":["9765.90000",15,"15.09399036"],"c":["9766.00000","0.20408000"],"v":["935.44787229","6430.93562248"],"p":["9793.81072","9736.04667"],"t":[3445,18739],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] {"event":"heartbeat"} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",11,"11.59644495"],"b":["9765.90000",20,"20.24943617"],"c":["9766.00000","4.00000000"],"v":["939.44787229","6434.93562248"],"p":["9793.69231","9736.06529"],"t":[3446,18740],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] {"connectionID":14767302623274336124,"event":"systemStatus","status":"online","version":"1.0.1"} {"channelID":274,"channelName":"ticker","event":"subscriptionStatus","pair":"XBT/USD","status":"subscribed","subscription":{"name":"ticker"}} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",11,"11.59644495"],"b":["9765.90000",20,"20.24943617"],"c":["9766.00000","4.00000000"],"v":["939.44787229","6434.93562248"],"p":["9793.69231","9736.06529"],"t":[3446,18740],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] [274,{"a":["9766.00000",8,"8.49644495"],"b":["9765.90000",21,"21.50083276"],"c":["9766.00000","1.50355505"],"v":["942.54787229","6438.03562248"],"p":["9793.60123","9736.07971"],"t":[3448,18742],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] {"event":"heartbeat"} {"event":"heartbeat"} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",4,"4.19644495"],"b":["9765.90000",22,"22.67116661"],"c":["9766.00000","4.30000000"],"v":["946.84787229","6442.33562248"],"p":["9793.47588","9736.09968"],"t":[3449,18743],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] ... {"event":"heartbeat"} {"connectionID":11355575731659611126,"event":"systemStatus","status":"online","version":"1.0.1"} {"channelID":274,"channelName":"ticker","event":"subscriptionStatus","pair":"XBT/USD","status":"subscribed","subscription":{"name":"ticker"}} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",4,"4.00000071"],"b":["9765.90000",21,"21.97845481"],"c":["9766.00000","0.19644424"],"v":["947.04431653","6442.53206672"],"p":["9793.47018","9736.10059"],"t":[3450,18744],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] [274,{"a":["9766.00000",3,"3.85443405"],"b":["9765.90000",19,"19.69673762"],"c":["9766.00000","0.14556666"],"v":["947.18988319","6442.67763338"],"p":["9793.46596","9736.10127"],"t":[3451,18745],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] {"event":"heartbeat"} {"event":"heartbeat"} [274,{"a":["9766.00000",3,"3.51109438"],"b":["9765.90000",19,"19.69673762"],"c":["9766.00000","0.16647855"],"v":["947.53322286","6443.02097305"],"p":["9793.45601","9736.10286"],"t":[3453,18747],"l":["9731.30000","9465.00000"],"h":["9845.00000","9884.70000"],"o":["9792.10000","9660.70000"]},"ticker","XBT/USD"] ...
Menggunakan berbilang (dua atau lebih) sambungan WebSocket berlebihan biasanya merupakan penyelesaian yang paling berkesan untuk pemutusan sambungan WebSocket yang tidak dijangka, kerana ia membolehkan suapan data pasaran berterusan tanpa gangguan tanpa mengira kekerapan sambungan asas ditamatkan.
Contoh kod Python asas berikut menunjukkan cara melaksanakan berbilang sambungan WebSocket dengan failover automatik:
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import sys from websocket import create_connection ws = [ None, None ] data = [ "", "" ] ws[0] = create_connection("wss://ws.kraken.com/") print("WebSocket (Primary): %s" % ws[0].recv()) ws[1] = create_connection("wss://ws.kraken.com/") print("WebSocket (Backup): %s" % ws[1].recv()) ws[0].send('{"event":"subscribe", "subscription":{"name":"spread"}, "pair":["XBT/USD"]}') print("WebSocket (Primary): %s" % ws[0].recv()) ws[1].send('{"event":"subscribe", "subscription":{"name":"spread"}, "pair":["XBT/USD"]}') print("WebSocket (Backup): %s" % ws[1].recv()) source = 0 for count in range(100): try: try: data[0] = ws[0].recv() except Exception: source = 1 try: data[1] = ws[1].recv() except Exception: source = 0 except KeyboardInterrupt: ws[0].close() print("WebSocket (%(source)s): %(data)s" % {"source":"Primary" if source == 0 else "Backup", "data":data[source]}) ws[source].close() sys.exit(1)
Kod di atas mencipta dua sambungan WebSocket dan melanggan kedua-dua sambungan ke suapan data pasaran yang sama. Sambungan utama digunakan untuk mengeluarkan data pasaran, sehingga gangguan papan kekunci dijana (melalui Ctrl+C, contohnya), yang menutup sambungan utama. Bacaan seterusnya daripada sambungan utama membuang pengecualian, yang ditangkap dan digunakan untuk menukar sumber data pasaran kepada sambungan sandaran, yang kemudiannya digunakan untuk mengeluarkan data pasaran.
Contoh output berikut menunjukkan bagaimana sumber data pasaran berubah daripada sambungan utama kepada sambungan sandaran tanpa mengganggu suapan data pasaran:
WebSocket (Primary): {"connectionID":6894434610526943167,"event":"systemStatus","status":"online","version":"1.0.1"} WebSocket (Backup): {"connectionID":11520162761468018366,"event":"systemStatus","status":"online","version":"1.0.1"} WebSocket (Primary): {"channelID":275,"channelName":"spread","event":"subscriptionStatus","pair":"XBT/USD","status":"subscribed","subscription":{"name":"spread"}} WebSocket (Backup): {"channelID":275,"channelName":"spread","event":"subscriptionStatus","pair":"XBT/USD","status":"subscribed","subscription":{"name":"spread"}} WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440118.120752","10.88476562","3.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Primary): {"event":"heartbeat"} WebSocket (Primary): {"event":"heartbeat"} WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440127.108830","10.98812533","3.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Primary): {"event":"heartbeat"} WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440129.406073","1.87412533","7.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440129.505372","0.77412533","7.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440129.572658","0.10335971","7.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Primary): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440129.572658","0.10335971","7.47935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] ^C WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440130.156840","0.10335971","8.27935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9674.90000","9675.00000","1591440130.195899","0.10335971","8.47435600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.80000","9675.00000","1591440130.459388","0.10335971","8.47435600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9672.60000","9675.00000","1591440130.195899","0.00516924","8.47435600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.80000","9675.00000","1591440130.764856","0.00400000","8.47435600"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.80000","9674.90000","1591440130.780514","0.00400000","0.25000000"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): {"event":"heartbeat"} WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.80000","9674.90000","1591440132.433940","4.00400000","0.25000000"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.80000","9674.90000","1591440132.519509","4.00000000","0.25000000"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.90000","9674.90000","1591440132.527887","0.10336612","0.25000000"],"spread","XBT/USD"] WebSocket (Backup): [275,["9673.90000","9675.00000","1591440132.527887","0.10336612","4.27935600"],"spread","XBT/USD"]
Ambil perhatian bahawa sambungan WebSocket berlebihan adalah penyelesaian yang paling kompleks daripada tiga penyelesaian, tetapi ia adalah penyelesaian yang optimum dari segi kebolehpercayaan.